Engraved Epics
Early Bengal Prints of Ramayana and Mahabharata
‘Engraved Epics’ explores the historical and artistic significance of Bengal’s early printed works of the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Initially shared as Sanskrit manuscripts, these stories later reached the masses through printed books and visual arts, influencing art and culture across India and Southeast Asia.
During British colonial rule, the development of Bengali printmaking marked a turning point. Sir Charles Wilkins, with engraver Panchanan Karmakar, created the first Bengali typeface, revolutionising book production. Illustrated books like Annada Mangal (1816) and wood-engraved editions of the epics gained prominence, driven by Calcutta’s Art School, which trained engravers. These woodcuts, often unsigned, reflect exceptional craftsmanship, blending European techniques with Indian aesthetics. These prints, depicting iconic scenes from the epics, demonstrated intricate detailing and innovative methods, including electroplating for durability.
The influence of these epics extended across Southeast Asia, inspiring diverse art forms, including include mural paintings based on Ramakien in Thailand, the Battle of Kurukshetra Mural in Angor Wat, Cambodia, and the Kecak dance and shadow puppetry in Bali, Indonesia. Among all these art forms, the Bengal’s wood engravings have earned a special place for their excellent craftsmanship.
Curated by Jyotirmoy Bhattacharya
On view: 27 January – 23 February 2025
Opening event: Monday 27 January, 18.00
